Parameters Measured and Protocols included:

Y(II):

Quantum Photosynthetic Yield of PSII (or F/FM' or Y).

ETR:

Electron transport rate (w/optional clip).

PAR:

Photosynthetically Active Region value (with optional PAR clip).

T:

Leaf temperature (with optional PAR clip).

FV/FM:

Maximum Photochemical efficiency of PSII.

FV/FO:

A more sensitive detector of stress than FV/FM, but it does not measure plant efficiency.

FO:

Minimum fluorescence.

FM:

Maximal fluorescence.

FV:

Variable fluorescence.

FMS (or FM'):

Maximal fluorescence with actinic illumination at steady state fluorescence.

FS (or F):

Fluorescence under steady state conditions (prior to saturation pulse).

Rapid light curves

rETRMAX:

A measure of a leaf's photosynthetic capacity or maximum electron transport rate a is the initial slope of line at low PAR values created by relating ETR to PAR. It provides a measure of quantum efficiency.

Ik=rETRMAX/α:

A measurement of the light intensity where light saturation dominates, or the minimum saturation level.

Hendrickson Quenching with NPQ (standard):

Y(NPQ), Y(NO), Y(II), NPQ, FV/FM.

Kramer Quenching (standard):

qL, Y(NPQ), Y(NO), Y(II), FV/FM.

Puddle model parameters (standard):

NPQ, qN, qP, Y(II), FV/FM.

Quenching relaxation protocol (standard):

qE, qM, qZ, qT, qI along with either puddle model, or Hendrickson parameters. Adjustable times for each.

OJIP - Vredenberg OJIP quenching protocol:

Ft/FO.

OJIP - Strasser Protocol:

Direct readout of: OJIP t100μs, t300μs (or K step), tFM (or time to P or FM), A (or area above the curve), MO (or RC/ABS), PIABS (or performance index).

Strasser OJIP parameters reported to the data file only:

ABS/RC, TRO/RC, DIO/CS, ETO/RC, TRO/ABS, ETO/TRO, ETO/CS,RC/CSO, RC/CSM , S, M, T.

Light Sources:

Saturation pulse:

White LED with 690 nm short pass filter. 15,000 μmols, 7,500 μmols with PAR clip.

Optional red saturation light source.

Modulated light:

Red: 660 nm LED with 690 nm short pass filter.

Blue: 450 nm LED.

Actinic light source:

White LED to 5,800 μmols for OJIP, and to 1,850 μmols in PAR Clip.

Optional red actinic light source for OJIP.

Far red light:

Above 740 nm.

Detection method:

Pulse modulation method.

Detector & Filters:

A PIN photodiode with a 700 ~ 750 nm bandpass filter.

Sampling Rate:

Auto-switching from 1 to 10,000 points per second, depending on test & on phase of test.

Automated routine to optimally set the modulated light intensity. The modulated light may also be set manually.

Multi-Flash FM' correction for all light adapted protocols & quenching. It may be turned on or off.

Test Duration:

Adjustable from .1 seconds to 12 hours.

Storage Capacity:

1 Gigabyte of non-volitile flash memory, supporting unlimited data sets and traces.

Digital Output:

USB, SD/MMC 1 Gigabyte data cards.

User Interface:

Graphic color touch screen.

Menu driven touch screen.

Power Supply:

Internal 12V rechargeable nickel metal hydride battery.

Battery Life:

8 to 12 hours of continuous operation.

Dimensions:

7 in x 5.5 in x 3.25 in.

17.8 cm x 14 cm  8.3 cm.

Weight:

3 lbs.

1.36 kgs.

Operating temperature:

0 to 50 Degrees C.

OJIP:

Up to 32 traces can be overlaid on the graphic display screen. The data file is designed for easy overlay graphing and spider plot graphing. Thousands of measurement parameter sets can be stored in a single data file for spider graphing. The number of data files are only limited by machine memory limits. FO is measured not estimated.